Austria History of the Country and Catholocism - 1794 Words

The country of Austria is a landlocked country located in central Europe, just north of Italy and Slovenia. Austria also borders Germany, Hungary, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Switzerland, and Lichtenstein. In comparison to the United States, Austria is about the size of Maine at 83,870 square kilometers. The terrain includes mountains, or the Alps, in the South and West, and flat land in the North and East (â€Å"Austria†). Mountains cover about three-fourths of the country. Austria is also known for its many valleys, lakes, and forests (Beller). The climate is temperate, with moderate summers and cold winters. Both seasons receive regular rain, except for frequent snow in the Alps during winter. The majority of the population lives in the†¦show more content†¦In 1914, a Serb assassinated Franz Ferdinand, heir to the empire’s throne. This caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Bosnia-Herzegovina, thus starting World War I. Austria-Hungary was a Central Power in the war, and ended up losing to the Allied Powers. Following the war, the empire broke apart and Austria became a republic. In 1938, German troops overtook Austria, and the republic became a part of Nazi Germany. Austrians had no choice but to participate in the Holocaust. Once again, the Allies were victorious and defeated Germany. After the war, Austria set up a provisional government, and a national government was established in 1945. Austria finally became an independent country ten years later, and joined the European Union in 1995 (Beller). Today, Austria is a national republic made up of nine provinces. The president, who has a six-year term, is the head of the country, while the chancellor is the head of the government. The Austrian government has military forces, where all men must serve for at least six months in their life. The Austrian people are quite unique. Many different ethnicities settled in Austria centuries ago, contributing to the distinctive culture. Almost ev eryone speaks German, though some areas speak languages like Croatian and Slovakian. The Austrian economy is based on privately owned businesses, and it relies on manufacturing, agriculture, natural resources, trade, and tourism (Beller).

mrs (260 words) Essay Example For Students

mrs (260 words) Essay Fish farming-fishing is sometimes dictated by weather predation and other environmental factors fish farming allowed fishermen to control the growth and lifespan of fish especially salmon so that there is a controlled abundance this is also a conservation method when fish populations are decreased by over fishing. Unfortunately this also increased the likelihood of diseases spread by fish or heavy metal contamination. With many wild fisheries already overharvested throughout the world, aquaculture is an important food source especially for poor countries and has made seafood more abundant and affordable. Crop switching using varieties of a particular plant or other plants to continue using a farm but resupplying the nutrients leached by the original crop. Most countries use this method in modern farming more than fallowing because it allows them to keep a steady cash crops going. Many technologies can increase the yields of crops. These include traditional breeding, production of hybrids, so called marker assisted breeding, and tissue culture methods for propagating virus-free root stocks. All of these could help improve the productivity of crops in the developing world, but currently only limited resources are available for applying them. My concerns are the methods used to make food supplies grow much quicker. These things tend to harm us more than help us. I just think that better methods for productivity could help us. It is stated all the time that you are what you eat and with some of things that I know are used to grow the things I eat I don?t want to be.

The Dead Essays - English-language Films, The Dead, Epiphany

The Dead 8. Where does epiphany occur in ?The Dead Who has the epiphany? What is the emotional state it creates? How does it compare to other epiphanies in Dubliners? Is there an Irony in the story as well? Epiphany of the Soul In ?The Dead,? Gabriel has the epiphany. The epiphany occurs when Gretta was telling Gabriel the story of a young boy she used to know. Jealousy, Anger, and yet compassion are the emotional state it creates. The epiphany of ?The Dead? is basically about death of the soul and person. This epiphany is different to other epiphanies in Dubliners because instead of feeling good towards one-self, Gabriel feels sorry towards himself. In this epiphany, the story starts off with irony. After the party, Gabriel looked at his wife Gretta and found out how much he loved her. He had seen how beautiful she was that night of the party at Aunt Julia and Aunt Kate's house. It was like lust all over again for him when he saw her standing at the stairs and singing the song Mr.D'Arcy was playing. He was thinking of how both of them would be alone in the hotel and they would spend time together. He had thought about her a lot that evening and he assumed that she was also thinking about him. When he had asked her what was on her mind, she had answered something that he would never have expected her to say. ?While he had been full of memories of their secret life together, full of tenderness and joy and desire, she had been comparing him with another? (179). This is the Irony of the story because he had thought that they were both truly happy. He had always thought that Gretta was happy with him. The epiphany of the story occurs when Gabriel had asked her what was on her mind. She told him that she was thinking of the song that Mr.D'Arcy was playing. That song, ?The Lass of Aughrim,? had reminded her about a boy named Michael Furrey. She had cared about him deeply and they had been young lovers when she was a child. Gabriel tries listening to Gretta but deep inside he was jealous and full of anger. He started questioning her about the man and by her words, Gabriel knew he had lost touch with his wife. When Gretta explains to him that he had died at the age of seventeen and that he had died for her, Gabriel got a sudden insight. Joyce writes, ? So she had had that romance in her life: a man had died for her sake. It hardly pained him now to think how poor a part he, her husband, had played in her life? (181). His anger and jealousy soon turns to compassion as he tries once again to regain the lost intimacy with his wife. In the epiphany, Gabriel realized how many people had died. When saying how many people died, this does not necessarily mean that the person doesn't exist anymore. In this case, he means the soul of the person. For example, Gabriel realized that part of Gretta is dead because she had always and will always compare him to Michael Furrey, even though he is gone. This is one thing that you can never bring back to life because the situation is not the same now and time has changed. Part of Gabriel himself is dead because he knew that one of his Aunt would soon pass away. He would regret that he had never really appreciated Aunt Julie's and Aunt Kate's traditions and culture of having that family dinner together. Later in the end of the story, Gabriel thought to himself, ?His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead? (182). This was the epiphany of Gabriel and the epiphany of the story because the whole theme of the story is about death. This may not necessary mean death of the body but the soul. When he said, faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the

Merchant Of Venice By William Shakespeare Essays - Film, Literature

Merchant Of Venice By William Shakespeare Essays - Film, Literature Merchant Of Venice By William Shakespeare In the Dukes opinion (Act iv, Sc.1) Shylock is an inhuman wretch. Do you agree? Do you feel that Shylock receives, justice at the end of the play? The Merchant Of Venice was written by William Shakespeare, between 1596 and 1598. It was first published in 1600. Although this play is described as a romantic comedy, there is an underlying plot of moral dimension in the development of Shylocks character. Shylock is a Jew and at this time Jews were the focus of much racial prejudice and repression. In fact the Jewish community in the middle ages suffered huge prejudice. Jews were associated mainly with money lending, as Christians could not lend money at interest to other Christians. Shakespeares portrayal of Shylock and Tubal is based on common prejudice and ignorance tempered by his own liberal tolerance. This racial prejudice is relevant within the play because is justifies the behaviour of shylock. It is this prejudice that sets the plot and is a major theme within The Merchant Of Venice. Antonio who is supposed to be a hero is portrayed as a self- righteous prig at times. Portia who might be expected to play a timid heiress is in fact shown as a strong-minded woman, and Shylock is represented as a tragic outsider. Shylock is a moneylender. He follows the Jewish religion and has a house in Venice. He lives with his daughter and is a widower. It is not easy to see Shylock as a straightforward villain though, despite the fact that when we first meet him, this is what he appears to be. The Duke calls Shylock an inhuman wretch. The Dukes greeting for Antonio is warm, but he damns Shylock with great forcefulness. What The Duke does here is enforce the audiences views of Shylock. Notwithstanding his jaundiced view of Shylock, the Duke tries to reason with him, and attempts to play upon his feelings of comparison and mercy for a fellow human being. Everybody including Tubal hates Shylock. In Act 3 SC.1, Tubal winds up Shylock about his daughter leaving him for as Christian, and taking the families treasures. Any sympathy that the audience may have for Shylock as a result of his impassioned speech quickly evaporates as they listen to him rail against his daughter. His only concerns are for his Ducats, his jewels and now more ominously, his revenge. Thou stickst a dagger in me. I shall never see my gold again- Fourscore Ducats at a sitting! Fourscore Ducats This tells us that he is extremely greedy and he has more concerns over his wealth than his own daughter. Is this the act of a human being or of an inhuman wretch? We learn that even Jessica despises her own father. Jessica acquaints us with her unhappiness at home because of her father. The fact that Shylock is a lone figure in the play is underlined by the fact that even his own daughter is ashamed of him. Jessica is ashamed because of the way that Shylock acts towards everyone in the play. As I have said, everyone hates Shylock but even his own daughter does! She describes the house they live in as hell. What we must ask is, what does this suggest about Shylock being a father? If he cannot show any emotion as a father, surely he cannot then be human. Shylock is racist. Even in the opening scenes there is evidence for this. For example in Act 1 Sc.3, shylock thinks to himself: I will buy with you, sell with you, talk with you, walk with you, and so following: but I will not eat with you, drink with you, nor pray with you This shows us his true feelings towards the Christians, and hints to us of his bloodthirsty revenge that he longs to take on Antonio. Probably the subtlest view of his racism is when he says: I hat you for you are a Christian. This surely shows us his true racist feelings deep inside of him. He openly admits to the people he talks to that he hates them because of their religion. Shylock is very cruel; his desire for Antonios flesh is almost a lust. He shows no mercy for Antonio, it now

Aggression and violence, nature or nurture

Aggression is a common behavior in humans. It is not necessary to regard aggressiveness in a person as a bad quality for it has been found to be necessary in animals and is a part of nature. The more aggressive animal in a species is generally more successful, powerful and gains control over food, territory and mates. Aggression is also a means of maintaining social order. Aggressiveness in this case becomes a necessity for Darwin’s survival of the fittest. In the highly developed human, there is a negative form of aggressiveness called as malignant aggression where man causes harm or injury to another for the sole purpose of sadistic pleasure or revenge. These acts are generally premeditated or planned and it is this form of aggressiveness that should be discouraged in children. This form of aggressiveness is more often than not due to nurture and not nature. It results from negative emotions like frustration, hatred, prejudice, and fear or from depression or mental imbalance. Children are exposed to violence from a very early age thanks to television, news and cases of domestic violence at home and quarrels in the school. Children have been found to learn from these experiences and behave in an aggressive manner because of this sort of exposure. But it has been found that the aggressiveness is an innate trait and is as much biological and genetical as it is environmental. Children who are aggressive and violent have been found to have parents and relatives who are violent and aggressive. There are two ways of looking at this. The child could be aggressive by nature as the gene of aggressiveness is prevalent in the family or the child can be violent by nurture as he sees violence on a daily basis and believes it to be a part of life. But the fact remains that a child, genes or otherwise, would not be prone to violent behavior unless he was brought up in a violent environment. Statement of Study. Aggression can be useful in some cases but when it becomes violent can be destructive. While many biologists claim that the genes precondition aggressive behavior in a person, psychiatrists and sociologists believe that man’s behavior is a reflection and result of the environment and society that he is brought up in. Various studies and observations prove that man’s aggression is neither solely because of nature or solely because of nurture. It is because of a combination of the two. Both heredity and environment are responsible for man’s intricate personality, including the areas of violence and aggression but environment has more influence on the person and the environment and method of bringing up the child can help control and discourage the aggressiveness in the child. INTRODUCTION The news everyday is full of reports about rape, murders, wars and other forms of violence. But that is at a larger scale. Even in day to day life we come across acts of violence and aggression. Children’s fights among themselves, couples’ fights and arguments at the work place are all common happenings. Each year in the United States alone, over 5 million children are directly exposed to violence of some sort or the other whether it is domestic violence, physical abuse or movies on television. Defining Aggressiveness Aggression is a desire or intent to hurt or harm someone, not necessarily physically, and follow it up with an action with intent to harm that person. It is a noxious stimulus, which attempts to show authority, superiority and make a stand. It can be verbal, such as, insults, threats, accusations or sarcasm or physical in nature such as punishment, restrictions or physical abuse. There are two main types of aggression – Affective aggression and Instrumental aggression. Affective aggression is simply anger and its goal is to injure and harm. Instrumental aggression is self – protection and defense and is seen in situations such as wars or by a victim against the perpetrator. Most violent behavior is a defensive response to perceived aggression. It is a reaction to an expected action. Benign aggression is another name for instrumental aggression while the term malignant aggression is used to describe aggression whose aim is to hurt other for sadistic pleasure. Malignant aggression is a form of affective aggression. Aggression is also a means of maintaining social order among many species. It is present in many animals, especially mammals, with animals competing with each other for food, dwelling spaces and mates. The stronger and more aggressive competitor is generally successful. Aggression therefore can be self – protective and useful but can also be destructive and violent. However, if aggression is an effective method among animals in maintaining social order and self – defense, reckless violence appears to be a poor survival mechanism. Violence is heterogeneous and is generally impulsive, reactive or defensive and carried out in a moment of anger or fear. At other times it can be predatory and remorseless aggression. Violent behaviors can also be related to intoxication from alcohol or due to neuropsychiatric conditions. Violent acts may be the result of personal or cultural belief systems (political or religious terrorism) and can be directed against a specific victim (domestic violence) or a specific group (racism and bigotry against African   Americans, Jews or Homosexuals). Violence can also be sexualized as in the case of rape. It is evident that the emotion of aggression does not exist alone. It is generally combined with other negative emotions such as fear, anger, and depression and in cases of planned violence, even prejudice and hatred. The Nurture Theory All the theories and hypothesis provided under the nurture theory support the view that man’s aggressiveness is conditioned by his environment, learning and his experiences. Aristotle proposed that at birth, man’s mind is a blank slate or â€Å"tabula rasa†. One’s environment and experiences are recorded on it, promoting a particular behavior or personality in that individual. Buddhism too focuses on the principle that human behavior can be controlled by altering one’s state of mind. According to Buddha’s teachings, suffering can be eliminated by removing from the mind, desire, greed, anger, passion, fear and other destructive impulses. Certain social pressures and situations cause an aggravation of aggressiveness in daily life such as influence of media, pollution of various types, abusive parenting, overcrowding, racist or prejudiced views and a sense of humiliation and defeat or helplessness. Behaviorists apply the â€Å"principles of social learning theory† where aggression is dealt in term of:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Features of the environment that fosters the initial learning or acquisition of the behavior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Environmental influences that facilitate aggressive behavior (as said earlier).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Environmental conditions that maintain aggressive behavior (as said earlier). Pollution and Aggressiveness Research has revealed that pollution such as noise and air pollution may not cause but increase probability of aggressive behavior. High levels of noise for long periods of time results in loss of hearing, hypertension, stress and a decrease in the efficiency level that results in frustration. Air pollution such as emission from cars and other motor vehicles causes an increase in heart and lung problems, fatigue and decrease in efficiency and lack of concentration. Pollution of any type is an intensifier of already present behavior. An already aggressive person will only become more aggressive to the extent of becoming violent. Frustration – Aggression Hypothesis According to this hypothesis, â€Å"Aggression is always a consequence of frustration. The existence of frustration always leads to some form of aggression†. This basically means that when there is a hurdle blocking the path towards a goal, frustration sets in. as a result of frustration, aggression occurs which is a series of actions, not necessarily right ones, to attain that goal. This hypothesis is not entirely true. Frustration does not always result in aggression and violence. People react in different ways when frustrated. They may bite their tongue, think about something else, attempt a different route to the goal, laugh it off or get depressed, and not necessarily angry. (Sarah McCawley, 2002) Social Learning Theory This model of Nurture theory denies that humans are innately aggressive and that aggression is learned by either observing aggressive model (movies, domestic violence or even the news) or by receiving payoffs following acts of aggression. These payoffs may be in the form of stopping aggression by others, gaining praise, status and respect by being aggressive, a sense of power and security or just reducing tension and stress. (Sarah McCawley, 2002)   In her article â€Å"The Nature of Aggression (or is it Nurture?)†, Sarah McCawley says that if a particular person or a specific group are perceived as offensive or dangerous or inferior than we are prone to be aggressive and irritable towards that person or group. Our society and culture provides us with certain stereotypical ideas that direct our resentment, prejudice, discrimination and hatred towards certain types of people. If we dislike someone or some group, we are more inclined to hurting them. This makes it evident as to how our thoughts influence our actions and every time we demean another human and look at him with hatred or contempt, we increase the potential for aggression. (Sarah McCawley, 2002) A few researchers feel that aggression is used at times as a means of recovering lost pride. When one’s pride is hurt, violence is an attempt to restore status and self – esteem by hurting the offender. The inability to find meaning in one’s life causes resentment and a sense of helplessness. In such cases malignant aggression is observed. Hitler was a prime example of malignant aggression, killing millions of innocent Poles, russians and Jews. This is all a result of an underlying sense of powerlessness, which compels them to prove to themselves and others that they are powerful. Stalin is another example who tortured and killed many political prisoners who opposed his policies. In daily life, such incidents can be noted in the behavior of a teacher or boss when he sees a student or worker break into a cold sweat. Hauck in his work â€Å"Overcoming Frustration and Anger† beautifully explains how these negative emotions of powerlessness, frustration and depression an be overcome and thus control anger. Our own irrational ideas are the cause of these emotions. Hauck described a woman who had been insulted and abused by an alcoholic husband for 30 years. She hated him. He had wasted enormous amounts of needed money on drinks. He was self-centered. The woman hated her husband and had contempt for him. When a rational emotive therapist told her â€Å"Your husband is sick. You are demanding that he change but he can’t.† she started to view her husband with sympathy and pity instead of hatred. She had created her own misery and anger by drowning in self pity. But when she looked at her husband as a patient who needed help, she looked upon herself as his caretaker and savior. Thus her change in attitude and thoughts helped her lose the anger that was inside her.

Therapeutic use of Telehealth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Therapeutic use of Telehealth - Essay Example According to the paper findings in modern day medical and scientific discovery, telehealth is a revolutionary practice that most western countries are now adopting as a major credible contribution to healthcare. Telehealth is a complex undertaking and intensive knowledge-based. The users must be competently taught to analyze the callers’ needs to prescribe accurate care, advice on self-care or propose an appropriate referral. All prescriptions decided by doctors and telenurses are entirely based on verbal communications, thus requires refined listening and communication skills.As the research discusses  the most prevalent challenge that tele-nurses face is that all their transactions are virtual and no physical encounter with their patients. The fear and anxiety experienced during this process in fear of making wrong decisions is enormous about the care expected.  Integrated telehealth care use in hospital-affiliated home health care settings for the aged with chronic illn ess and comorbid depression, can achieve reversal of disease symptoms. In a scenario of congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbid depression is common. For those who are old homebound and medically frail interventions can be instituted by installing a Telecare nurse whose primary task is to carry out a routine tele-monitoring of symptoms. Psychoeducation and controlled usual home-based care expertise is given by the telenurse.

Organization research for communication major Assignment

Organization research for communication major - Assignment Example Choose a bona fide organization in which you eventually would like to be employed or could imagine requesting to do a career interview with a key employee there. The organization you choose should include the type of job position you wish to have in the first five years after graduation, or wish to know more about because you might be interested in having that job within several years after graduating. This job should be a realistic possibility within five years of graduation. Indicate answers to the following questions based on the research you conduct, and specify the source(s) for each answer right after the information you supply for each question (except for [a]). Sources are likely to extend beyond the organization’s own website. b. Its locations including headquarters/principal place of operation and the full street address of the location in which you are most interested in working? Its headquarters is at 37 Broadview Drive, Wallingford, CT 06492 (Creative Solutions Services, 2014). Retrieved from http://www.css-llc.net/index.php/contact-us c. The organization’s mission statement and the values it communicates publicly? Their mission statement appears to be: â€Å"We provide a true partnership approach and act as an extension of our clients organizations† (Creative Solutions Services, 2014). Retrieved from http://www.css-llc.net/index.php/about-us/our-firm Creative Solutions Services (CSS) is an executive search firm and staffing solutions provider that renders permanent placement, contract to hire, VMO, and consulting services. We specialize in finding top talent in Investment Banking, Private Equity, Alternative Investments, Technology, Operations, Sales, Media, and Consumer Goods. (Creative Solutions Services, 2014). Retrieved from http://www.css-llc.net/index.php/about-us/our-firm e. The organization’s history, beginning with the date founded/operations began? It was founded in 1996.